Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a problem related to brain development (neurodevelopmental disorder) that causes hyperactivity (always on the move), impulsive behavior (doing things without any self control), and attention problems (not able to pay attention). ADHD is the most common problem seen in outpatient child and adolescent mental health settings. It is estimated that ADHD affects between 4 % and 12 % of school-aged children, more often boys than girls. Studies suggest that the amount of ADHD seen in the population has risen significantly in recent years. But whether more people have the disorder or whether it is just being diagnosed more often is not clear.
The specific things needed to make the diagnosis of ADHD have been more clearly defined during the past 20 years. Also, people are more aware of ADHD so the disorder may be recognized more often. ADHD can cause significant emotional, social and educational problems.
However, when ADHD is diagnosed early and treated properly, the condition can be managed effectively, so children can grow up to have productive, successful and fulfilling lives. Although some children appear to grow out of their ADHD as they reach their adolescent years, others have lifelong symptoms.
What Causes It?
Despite years of research, the exact cause of ADHD is still not fully understood. There are numerous factors that may contribute to the development of ADHD in a child. These include:
- Genetic factors
- History of head injury
- Infections of the brain and spinal cord
- Premature birth
- Exposure to tobacco, alcohol or other drugs while in the womb
- Lead poisoning
Don't Judge, Adjust
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